# K-12 Education — Definition & Explanation

> From the SchoolBrowse Education Glossary.
> HTML version: https://schoolbrowse.com/glossary/k-12-education

**In short:** The complete span of primary and secondary education in the US, from kindergarten through 12th grade.
**K-12 education** refers to the complete span of publicly-supported primary and secondary education in the United States, from kindergarten (K) through 12th grade (12). This 13-year educational journey typically serves students from age 5 to 18.

## Structure of K-12 Education

K-12 is typically divided into elementary school (K-5 or K-6), middle school (6-8 or 7-8), and high school (9-12). Students progress through grade levels annually, building skills and knowledge toward high school graduation. The system is governed by federal, state, and local policies.

## K-12 Across Different Contexts

The term "K-12" is used to describe public school systems, educational policy, technology for schools (K-12 EdTech), and the teaching profession. Private schools generally follow the same grade structure, though some use different terminology.

## Frequently asked questions

**Q: What does K-12 mean?**

K-12 refers to kindergarten through 12th grade, the full range of publicly-funded primary and secondary education in the United States.
**Q: How many years is K-12?**

K-12 spans 13 years of education: one year of kindergarten, six years of elementary school, typically three years of middle school, and four years of high school.
**Q: Is K-12 the same everywhere?**

While the K-12 structure is standard in the US, specific grade configurations, curriculum, and requirements vary by state and district.

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